Church of San Bartolomeo, Venice

 

The Chiesa di San Bartolomeo, dedicated to Saint Bartholomew the Apostle, is a historic church located in the San Marco sestiere of Venice, Italy, near the bustling Rialto Bridge and the Fondaco dei Tedeschi. Positioned on the Campo San Bartolomeo, this small but culturally significant church is a testament to Venice’s mercantile and artistic heritage. Founded in the 9th century, rebuilt in the 12th century, and extensively remodeled in the 18th century, it blends Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque elements. Once a vibrant parish church, it was deconsecrated in the early 19th century during the Napoleonic era and now serves as a venue for musical performances, particularly by the Venice Music Project, and cultural events.

 

History

The Chiesa di San Bartolomeo traces its origins to 828, when it was founded as one of Venice’s earliest churches, dedicated to Saint Bartholomew, one of the twelve apostles, traditionally martyred by being flayed alive. Its location near the Rialto, the commercial heart of Venice, made it a focal point for the city’s German and foreign merchant communities, particularly those associated with the nearby Fondaco dei Tedeschi, a trading post for German traders established in the 13th century.

The original church, likely a simple structure, was rebuilt in 1170 following a fire, adopting a Romanesque style with Gothic influences. This reconstruction was supported by the Badoer family, a prominent Venetian patrician clan, reflecting the tradition of noble patronage in Venetian ecclesiastical projects. By the 16th century, San Bartolomeo served as the chapel for the Scuola dei Tedeschi (German merchants’ confraternity), further cementing its role as a cultural and commercial hub.

In the 18th century, the church underwent significant remodeling under architect Giovanni Scalfarotto (nephew of Alessandro Mauro), transforming its interior into a Baroque masterpiece while retaining its Romanesque-Gothic façade. In 1723, a new bell tower was added, designed by Scalfarotto, replacing an earlier structure. The church’s prominence waned during the Napoleonic suppressions of 1807–1810, when it was deconsecrated and repurposed as a warehouse, a common fate for Venetian churches under French rule. It was briefly restored to religious use in 1810 but permanently deconsecrated thereafter, reflecting the decline of parish churches in central Venice.

Since 2013, the church has been managed by the Venice Music Project, a cultural association that uses it as a venue for Baroque music concerts performed on period instruments. This adaptive reuse has revitalized San Bartolomeo as a cultural space, hosting performances and exhibitions, such as those by the Fondazione Lucia de Conz, which supports young artists. The church’s proximity to the Rialto Bridge and its historical ties to the German merchant community make it a symbol of Venice’s cosmopolitan past, while its current role underscores the city’s ongoing cultural vibrancy.

 

Architecture

San Bartolomeo’s architecture is a layered composition, reflecting its 9th-century origins, 12th-century reconstruction, and 18th-century Baroque remodeling. Its modest scale and strategic location near the Rialto Bridge integrate it into Venice’s dense urban fabric.

 

Exterior

The façade, facing the Campo San Bartolomeo, is a restrained example of Romanesque-Gothic architecture, with minimal decoration due to its urban setting and later modifications. Key features include:

A simple brick façade with a central portal framed by an ogival arch, typical of Venetian Gothic, and a small rose window above, admitting light into the nave.
Two lateral niches, possibly once containing statues, now empty, adding a subtle decorative touch.
A white marble band running horizontally across the façade, a remnant of the 12th-century design, which contrasts with the brickwork.
The bell tower, rebuilt in 1723 by Giovanni Scalfarotto, is a modest structure with a conical spire and small arched openings, blending into the campo’s skyline.
The façade’s simplicity reflects its role as a parish church serving merchants rather than a grandiose monument. Its location, hemmed in by surrounding buildings, limits its external prominence, but the campo’s lively atmosphere, with the iconic Carlo Goldoni statue nearby, enhances its visibility.

 

Interior

The interior, remodeled by Scalfarotto in the 18th century, is a compact yet elegant Baroque space, designed to maximize light and ornamentation within a small footprint. Key architectural elements include:

A single nave with a barrel-vaulted ceiling, creating a unified and intimate space ideal for concerts.
Side chapels flanked by Corinthian pilasters, adding verticality and grandeur, typical of Baroque design.
A semicircular apse housing the high altar, framed by a rococo canopy that serves as a focal point for the interior.
Stucco work and gilded details, restored in the 20th century, enhancing the Baroque aesthetic with a sense of opulence.
A black-and-white marble floor, patterned in geometric designs, reflecting Venetian craftsmanship.
The interior’s Baroque transformation, completed by 1723, contrasts with the exterior’s Romanesque-Gothic roots, creating a dynamic interplay of styles. The church’s compact size, described as “small but perfectly formed” by venice-tourism.com, makes it an ideal venue for intimate musical performances, with excellent acoustics noted by Venice Music Project reviews.

 

Artistic Highlights

San Bartolomeo’s artistic significance lies in its collection of 17th- and 18th-century paintings and sculptures, which reflect its role as a cultural hub for Venice’s merchant community. While some artworks were removed after deconsecration, several masterpieces remain, particularly those by Palma il Giovane and Sebastiano Ricci.

1. Palma il Giovane’s Paintings
“Saint Bartholomew” (high altar, c. 1618): This altarpiece by Palma il Giovane, a leading Venetian Mannerist, depicts the patron saint with his flayed skin, a vivid and emotional portrayal characteristic of his style. Commissioned by the Scuola dei Tedeschi, it underscores the church’s ties to the German merchant community.
“The Miracle of Saint Bartholomew” (side chapel): Another work by Palma, this painting illustrates a miracle attributed to the saint, rendered with dynamic compositions and rich colors, typical of late 16th-century Venetian art.

2. Sebastiano Ricci’s Painting
“Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery” (presbytery, c. 1720s): This work by Sebastiano Ricci, a Baroque master, showcases his dramatic use of light and movement. The painting, noted in Lonely Planet, is a highlight for its emotional intensity and vibrant palette, reflecting the Baroque emphasis on narrative and spirituality.

3. Sculptural Elements
High Altar Canopy: The rococo canopy, designed by Scalfarotto, is adorned with cherubs and gilded stucco, creating a theatrical focal point. Small statues, possibly by Giovanni Maria Morlaiter, a Baroque sculptor, enhance the altar’s opulence.
Side Chapel Statues: The chapels contain marble statues of saints and allegorical figures, likely by 18th-century Venetian sculptors, adding to the interior’s decorative richness.

4. Historical Artworks (Lost or Relocated)
The church once housed additional paintings by Palma il Giovane and other Venetian artists, some of which were moved to the Gallerie dell’Accademia or other institutions after deconsecration. The Scuola dei Tedeschi’s patronage ensured a rich artistic program, though losses during the Napoleonic era diminished the collection.
A 17th-century organ, noted in historical records, was used for sacred music but is no longer functional, replaced by modern staging for concerts.

5. Modern Cultural Use
Since 2013, the Venice Music Project has transformed the church into a performance space, with Baroque music concerts featuring works by Vivaldi, Monteverdi, and Scarlatti. The acoustics, enhanced by the nave’s barrel vault, make it ideal for period-instrument performances, as noted in Tripadvisor reviews. The church also hosts art exhibitions, such as those by the Fondazione Lucia de Conz, showcasing young artists’ work.

 

Cultural and Spiritual Significance

San Bartolomeo embodies Venice’s mercantile and multicultural heritage, particularly its ties to the German merchant community through the Fondaco dei Tedeschi. Its location near the Rialto Bridge, a hub of trade since the Middle Ages, underscores its role as a spiritual and social center for merchants. The Scuola dei Tedeschi’s patronage linked the church to Venice’s cosmopolitan trade networks, with German traders commissioning artworks and participating in its confraternity.

The church’s deconsecration in the early 19th century reflects the broader decline of Venice’s ecclesiastical institutions under Napoleonic rule, yet its revival as a cultural venue demonstrates the city’s adaptability. The Venice Music Project has restored its relevance, making it a vibrant space for Baroque music and art exhibitions, aligning with Venice’s legacy as a musical and artistic capital. The presence of works by Palma il Giovane and Sebastiano Ricci connects San Bartolomeo to the Venetian artistic tradition, while its Romanesque-Gothic façade preserves a glimpse of the city’s medieval past.

Located in the heart of San Marco, steps from the Rialto Bridge and Piazza San Marco, San Bartolomeo offers a quieter alternative to Venice’s tourist-heavy sites. Its lively Campo, with the Goldoni statue and nearby Fondaco dei Tedeschi (now a luxury shopping center), integrates it into the city’s daily life, making it a focal point for both locals and visitors.

 

Visitor Information

Location: Campo San Bartolomeo, San Marco, Venice, near the Rialto Bridge. Accessible via the Rialto vaporetto stop (Lines 1, 2, N) or a 5-minute walk from Piazza San Marco.
Opening Hours: Deconsecrated, the church is not open for regular visits but hosts concerts and exhibitions organized by the Venice Music Project (www.venicemusicproject.it). Check the website for event schedules, typically evenings or weekends. Private tours may be arranged through cultural organizations.
Admission: Free entry to the campo for exterior viewing. Concert tickets range from €20–€40, depending on the performance (check Venice Music Project for details). Donations support maintenance and cultural programs.

Tips for Visitors:
Attend a Venice Music Project concert to experience the church’s acoustics and see the interior, particularly Palma il Giovane’s altarpiece and Ricci’s painting.
View the Romanesque-Gothic façade from Campo San Bartolomeo, ideally in the morning for softer light.
Combine with visits to the Fondaco dei Tedeschi (for its rooftop terrace), Rialto Bridge, or Piazza San Marco for a San Marco itinerary.
Explore nearby cafés like Caffè Florian (0.3 mi) or shops on the Mercerie for a taste of Venetian life.
Check www.venicemusicproject.it or local guides for concert schedules and exhibition openings, as access is event-dependent.