Ca' Zenobio degli Armeni, Venice

Ca’ Zenobio degli Armeni, also known as Palazzo Zenobio or simply Ca’ Zenobio, is a splendid Baroque palace in the Dorsoduro sestiere of Venice, Italy, located at Fondamenta del Soccorso, Dorsoduro 2596, near Campo dei Carmini and Campo San Sebastiano. Built in the late 17th century by architect Antonio Gaspari for the Zenobio family from Verona, it was later acquired by the Armenian Mekhitarist Order in 1850, becoming the seat of the Moorat-Raphael College until 1997. Renowned for its opulent Sala degli Specchi (Hall of Mirrors), frescoed by artists like Ludovico Dorigny and Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, and its rare private garden, the palace is a cultural hub hosting concerts, exhibitions, and events, notably during the Venice Biennale.

 

History

Ca’ Zenobio was constructed between 1690 and 1700 on the foundations of a 14th-century Gothic palace owned by the Morosini family, a prominent Venetian clan. In 1664, the Zenobio family, wealthy landowners from Verona who had recently purchased Venetian nobility in 1647, acquired the property. Verità Zenobio and her brother Pietro commissioned Antonio Gaspari, a pupil of the renowned Baroque architect Baldassarre Longhena, to redesign the palace into a grand Baroque residence, reflecting their ambition to integrate into Venetian high society. The palace’s completion in 1690 coincided with a marriage between a Zenobio daughter and a Venetian nobleman, marking the family’s social ascent.

The Zenobio family retained ownership until the mid-19th century, when their lineage extinguished. In 1844, Count Salvi from Vicenza purchased the palace, undertaking renovations. In 1850, the Armenian Mekhitarist Order, based on the island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni since 1717, acquired Ca’ Zenobio to establish the Moorat-Raphael College, a boarding school for Armenian students funded by benefactors Samuel Mkrtich Moorat and Edward Raphael from Madras, India. The college, which operated from 1851 to 1997, provided a European education to Armenian youth, fostering cultural exchange between Venice and the Armenian diaspora. The Mekhitarists’ acquisition reflects Venice’s long-standing role as a haven for Armenians, dating back to Marco Polo’s era, with trade in goods like apricots (called armelin in Venetian) and cultural tolerance exemplified by the nearby Santa Croce degli Armeni church.

The palace’s history is marked by its adaptability. After the college closed in 1997 due to funding issues, it became a venue for cultural events, including concerts by the Ensemble Guarneri Virtuoso, exhibitions during the Venice Biennale, and high-profile media productions, such as Madonna’s 1984 Like a Virgin music video and Laura Pausini’s 2004 Vivimi video, filmed in the Sala degli Specchi. Scenes from the German TV series Commissario Brunetti (2006–2016) and The Amazing Race Season 29 (2016) were also shot here, underscoring its cinematic appeal. Today, still owned by the Armenian community, Ca’ Zenobio remains a vibrant cultural center, hosting events and preserving its Baroque grandeur.

 

Location and Accessibility

Ca’ Zenobio is situated at Fondamenta del Soccorso, Dorsoduro 2596, 30123 Venezia, along the Rio Carmini, a canal connecting the Chiesa dei Carmini to the Chiesa dell’Angelo Raffaele. The palace is linked to Palazzo Ariani via the Ponte del Soccorso and is a short walk from Palazzo Foscarini and Campo Santa Margherita, Dorsoduro’s lively social hub. Its location in the bohemian Dorsoduro sestiere, known for street artists, students, and cultural landmarks like the Peggy Guggenheim Collection and Ca’ Rezzonico, places it in a vibrant, artsy context.

The palace is accessible by vaporetto (Line 1 or 2, Ca’ Rezzonico or San Basilio stops, 5–10 minutes from Piazzale Roma) or on foot from Campo Santa Margherita (5-minute walk). The canal-side facade is best viewed from a gondola or water taxi, offering a striking perspective of its Baroque symmetry. The land entrance, via Fondamenta del Soccorso, leads to a romantic garden and courtyard, though access is gated.

Unlike public museums, Ca’ Zenobio is not regularly open to tourists, but it hosts cultural events, concerts, and exhibitions, particularly during the Venice Biennale (May–November, odd years). Visitors can access the palace through guided tours, such as those offered by Best Venice Guides (e.g., Federica Gullino, federica.gullino@gmail.com) or Tripadvisor’s “Palazzo Zenobio and Ancient Armenian Print House” tour (€74.17 per adult, 2 hours), which includes the Sala degli Specchi and the restored Armenian print house. Event tickets, such as for Ensemble Guarneri concerts, are available via Tripadvisor or the palace’s management (+39 041 522 8770). The palace is also rented for weddings and private events, with inquiries handled by the Armenian community or event organizers like Venice Events. Tripadvisor reviews recommend booking tours in advance, with cancellations permitted up to 24 hours prior for a full refund.

Nearby attractions include the Scuola Grande dei Carmini (0.1 km, with Tiepolo frescoes), Chiesa di San Sebastiano (0.2 km, Veronese paintings), and Ca’ Rezzonico (0.4 km, 18th-century museum). Dining options like Osteria ai Carmini (0.21 km) or Osteria Ca’ del Vento (0.25 km) offer local cuisine, enhancing the visitor experience.

 

Architecture

Ca’ Zenobio degli Armeni is a three-story Baroque palace with an attic, built on the foundations of a 14th-century Gothic Palazzo Morosini. Designed by Antonio Gaspari, it exemplifies Venetian Baroque’s theatricality and opulence, adapted to the city’s constrained urban and lagoon environment.

 

Exterior

Canal-Side Facade: The facade along Rio Carmini is a model of Baroque symmetry, stretching across three levels with 46 monofore (single windows) and three ground-floor entrances. The central section features a large arched opening on each piano nobile, flanked by rectangular windows with pediments, creating a rhythmic balance. Two serliane (Palladian windows with a central arch and rectangular side openings) adorn the garden-facing facade, a classical touch reflecting Gaspari’s training under Longhena. The facade, clad in Istrian stone, is crowned by a notched cornice, once featuring the Zenobio coat of arms (now relocated to the garden). The design’s “strict symmetry” and “long, articulated” form distinguish it from Gothic predecessors like Palazzo Foscarini.
Garden Facade: The garden-facing facade, designed with input from neoclassical architect Tommaso Temanza in 1777, includes two Venetian windows with pediments in the central section, adding grandeur. A small 18th-century loggia at the garden’s southern end, also by Temanza, houses the archive and library, used for literary gatherings by the Zenobio family.
Garden and Courtyard: The palace boasts one of Venice’s largest private gardens, a “French-style” rarity in a city with limited green space. Enclosed by an iron gate, the garden features yews, laurels, cypresses, hackberries, pittosporum, and locust trees, creating a romantic, secluded oasis. The courtyard, partially paved, includes the relocated Zenobio coat of arms and weathered statues, evoking a country estate.

 

Interior

Layout: The palace follows a traditional Venetian plan, with a central portego on the piano nobile connecting canal and land entrances, flanked by grand salons and smaller rooms. The ground floor houses service areas, exhibition spaces, and a dining room, while the second and third floors include guest rooms (15 rooms with 1–4 beds) and the former college’s facilities. The portego, partially preserved from the Gothic structure, features three vedute and two etchings by Luca Carlevarijs, depicting Venetian scenes.
Sala degli Specchi (Hall of Mirrors): The palace’s centerpiece, this double-height ballroom extends over two floors, facing a first-floor balcony. Decorated by Ludovico Dorigny, Gregorio Lazzarini, and a young Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, it features frescoes of mythological subjects, including the myth of Apollo glorifying the Zenobio family, set within trompe-l’œil architectures. The walls are adorned with stucco by Abbondio Stazio, incorporating gold, pinks, and whites, with spirals, festoons, and medallions creating a theatrical effect. Large mirrors amplify the light, earning comparisons to a “small Versailles.” A hidden gallery once housed musicians, allowing the entire floor for dancing, as noted by Best Venice Guides. The room’s “party atmosphere” has hosted events like Madonna’s Like a Virgin video shoot (1984).
Adjacent Rooms: Smaller salons feature additional frescoes by Dorigny, Lazzarini, and Tiepolo, including panels depicting Queen Zenobia of Palmyra, a supposed Zenobio ancestor, blending myth with family pride. The rooms retain 18th-century furniture and chandeliers, enhancing the Baroque ambiance.
Chapel: A small private chapel, originally for the Zenobio family, preserves its 18th-century decor, with possible stucco or religious art, though details are scarce.
Archive and Library: Designed by Tommaso Temanza in 1777, this neoclassical space at the garden’s end houses Armenian manuscripts and books, reflecting the Mekhitarists’ scholarly mission.
Armenian Print House: Restored in recent years, this historic print house on the ground floor underscores the Armenian commitment to publishing, vital for preserving their culture. It is a highlight of guided tours.
The palace’s Baroque design, with its lavish frescoes and garden, contrasts with the Gothic simplicity of its Morosini predecessor, marking a shift toward theatricality in Venetian architecture. Its preservation reflects the Mekhitarists’ dedication to cultural heritage.

 

Restoration Efforts

Restoration efforts have ensured Ca’ Zenobio’s survival amidst Venice’s environmental challenges:

1844: Count Salvi’s renovations modernized the palace, likely addressing structural wear and updating interiors for the Mekhitarists.
Early 20th Century: Architect Vincenzo Rinaldo restored the palace, focusing on the piano nobile and garden, preserving frescoes and stucco.
21st Century: The Armenian community maintains the palace, with recent efforts restoring the Armenian print house, as highlighted in Tripadvisor tours. Regular maintenance combats flooding and humidity, funded by event revenue and Mekhitarist resources. The garden’s pristine condition and the Sala degli Specchi’s vibrant frescoes indicate ongoing care, possibly supported by organizations like Save Venice.
The palace’s private status and event use have protected it from over-tourism, unlike public sites like Ca’ Rezzonico, but its commercial activities require careful management to preserve delicate features like Tiepolo’s frescoes.

 

Cultural Significance

Ca’ Zenobio degli Armeni is a cultural landmark bridging Venetian and Armenian heritage. The Zenobio family’s commission reflects their social ambition, using Baroque grandeur to integrate into Venetian nobility, a common strategy for “foresti” (outsiders). The palace’s transformation into the Moorat-Raphael College in 1850 underscores Venice’s role as a safe haven for Armenians, fostering cultural preservation through education and publishing. The Mekhitarists, also based at San Lazzaro degli Armeni, made Ca’ Zenobio a global center for Armenian culture, complementing their monastery’s library of 150,000 volumes and 4,000 manuscripts.

The Sala degli Specchi’s artistic legacy, with frescoes by Dorigny, Lazzarini, and Tiepolo, places the palace among Venice’s Baroque masterpieces, rivaling Palazzo Belloni Battagia’s opulence. Its use in Madonna’s Like a Virgin video and other media productions highlights its cinematic allure, while its Biennale exhibitions and Ensemble Guarneri concerts maintain its role as a cultural hub. Tripadvisor reviews praise the “fantastic” atmosphere and “brilliant virtuosity” of events, ranking it in the top 10% of Venice attractions.

The palace’s garden, a rare private green space, evokes Venice’s hidden estates, while the Armenian print house underscores the Mekhitarists’ commitment to cultural continuity, especially during Ottoman persecution. Venice’s tolerance, reflected in its Armenian community since Marco Polo’s era, is embodied in Ca’ Zenobio’s dual identity as a Venetian palace and Armenian institution. Its inclusion in UNESCO’s Venice and its Lagoon World Heritage Site affirms its global significance.

 

Visitor Experience

Visiting Ca’ Zenobio is a unique experience, offering access to one of Venice’s most opulent Baroque interiors during events or guided tours. The Sala degli Specchi, described as a “sublime expression of Baroque art,” is the highlight, with its frescoes, mirrors, and gold stucco creating a theatrical ambiance. Tripadvisor reviewers call it a “marvellous palace” and a “must for a typical stay in Venice,” praising concerts by the Ensemble Guarneri Virtuoso for their “brilliant spirit” and the palace’s “characteristic atmosphere.” The garden, with its lush greenery and Temanza’s loggia, is a serene contrast to Venice’s stone cityscape, often used for summer receptions and concerts.

Guided tours, such as the “Palazzo Zenobio and Ancient Armenian Print House” (2 hours, €74.17), include the piano nobile, print house, and garden, offering insights into Armenian-Venetian history. Booking via Tripadvisor or Best Venice Guides is recommended, with cancellations allowed 24 hours in advance. Events like weddings or Biennale exhibitions provide additional access, though photography may be restricted. The visit typically lasts 1–2 hours, longer for concerts or receptions.

The surrounding Dorsoduro sestiere enhances the experience, with attractions like the Scuola Grande dei Carmini, Chiesa di San Sebastiano, and Ca’ Rezzonico within a 5–10 minute walk. Dining at Osteria ai Carmini or Osteria Ca’ del Vento offers local flavors, while Campo Santa Margherita’s nightlife appeals to students and artists. The palace’s quieter setting, away from San Marco’s crowds, makes it ideal for those seeking an authentic, artsy experience.