Museum of Cycladic Art (Athens)

Museum of Cycladic Art

Location: Neofytou Douka 4, Kolonaki, Athens
Tel. 210 722 8321
Tram train: 3, 7
Open: 10am- 5pm Mon, Wed, Fri, Sat, 10am- 8pm Thu, 11am- 5pm Sun
Closed: public holidays
www.cycladic.gr

 

Description

The Museum of Cycladic Art in Athens, Greece, is a world-renowned cultural institution dedicated to the ancient cultures of the Aegean and Cyprus, with a particular focus on Cycladic art from the 3rd millennium BC. Founded in 1986 by the Nicholas P. Goulandris Foundation, it houses one of the most comprehensive private collections of Cycladic antiquities, alongside significant artifacts from ancient Greek and Cypriot civilizations. Located in the upscale Kolonaki neighborhood, the museum is celebrated for its elegant displays, architectural harmony, and its role in bridging ancient and modern artistic traditions.

 

Historical Context

The Museum of Cycladic Art was established to preserve and showcase the private collection of Nicholas (d. 1983) and Dolly Goulandris (1921–2008), prominent members of a Greek shipping family with a passion for preserving Greek cultural heritage. Beginning in the 1960s, the couple amassed a remarkable collection of Cycladic, Greek, and Cypriot artifacts, with a special emphasis on the minimalist marble figurines of the Cycladic culture. Their collection, initially displayed in international museums, grew significantly, prompting the creation of a permanent home in Athens. The museum opened to the public on January 26, 1986, under the auspices of the Nicholas P. Goulandris Foundation, a non-profit organization, and operates under the supervision of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports.

The museum’s mission extends beyond preservation to education and cultural dialogue, promoting the ancient cultures of the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean while exploring connections between ancient and modern art. Since its inception, the collection has expanded through acquisitions and donations, such as the Karlos Politis collection in 1989, and now includes over 3,000 artifacts spanning from the 4th millennium BC to the 6th century AD.

 

Architecture

The Museum of Cycladic Art is housed in two interconnected buildings in central Athens, blending modern and neoclassical architectural styles to create a sophisticated and visitor-friendly environment:

Main Building (4 Neophytou Douka Street)
Design: Constructed in 1985 by Greek architect Ioannis Vikelas, the main building is a modern, four-story structure with a reflective glass facade inspired by international museum typologies. The facade, redesigned by Kois Associated Architects in 2013, features vertical elements reminiscent of Cycladic rock formations, balancing transparency, privacy, and natural light control. The design enhances the building’s permeability, visually connecting the street to the interior.
Interior: The ground floor houses a spacious atrium with lush vegetation, creating an “oasis” in the urban setting. This area includes the Cycladic Café and the museum shop. The upper floors (1–4) host the permanent collections, accessible via elevators, with exhibition spaces designed for optimal artifact display and visitor flow. The galleries are well-lit, with bilingual (Greek and English) descriptions and QR codes for self-guided tours.
Accessibility: A wheelchair ramp at the main entrance and elevators ensure access for visitors with disabilities. Guide and assistance dogs are permitted throughout the museum.

Stathatos Mansion (1 Irodotou & Vasilissis Sofias Avenue)
Design: Acquired in 1991, this neoclassical mansion, built in 1895 by Bavarian architect Ernst Ziller, is one of Athens’ finest examples of 19th-century architecture. Designed for shipowner Othon Stathatos, it features a porticoed entrance, roof statuary, and an elegant atrium. The mansion’s historical charm contrasts with the modern main building, adding to the museum’s aesthetic diversity.
Function: The Stathatos Mansion hosts temporary exhibitions, focusing on archaeology, modern, and contemporary art. Its grand interiors provide a fitting backdrop for high-profile shows featuring artists like Salvador Dalí, Pablo Picasso, and Ai Weiwei.
Connection: A glass-roofed corridor links the mansion to the main building, creating a seamless transition between the permanent and temporary exhibition spaces. This passageway enhances the visitor experience by integrating the two architectural styles.
The museum’s architectural duality—modern functionality paired with neoclassical elegance—reflects its mission to connect ancient heritage with contemporary cultural expression. The Cycladic Café, renovated by Kois Architects with a floating ceiling-sculpture by Stelios Kois and lighting by Eleftheria Deko, further enhances the atrium’s ambiance, offering a serene space inspired by Cycladic aesthetics.

 

Collections

The Museum of Cycladic Art’s permanent collections, comprising over 3,000 artifacts, are organized thematically across four floors in the main building, covering Cycladic, ancient Greek, and Cypriot cultures from the 4th millennium BC to the 6th century AD. The displays are accompanied by bilingual texts, 3D models, and audiovisual presentations, making the collections accessible and engaging. Below is a detailed overview of each floor’s focus:

First Floor: Cycladic Culture (3200–2000 BC)
Overview: The centerpiece of the museum, this floor features over 350 artifacts from the Early Cycladic Periods (I–III, ca. 3200–2000 BC), unearthed from islands like Naxos, Amorgos, Andros, and Thera (Santorini). The collection is renowned for its marble figurines, celebrated for their minimalist, near-modern aesthetic, which influenced 20th-century artists like Picasso, Modigliani, and Henry Moore.

Key Artifacts:
Marble Figurines: These iconic, abstract statues (mostly female, some male) range from small (a few centimeters) to near-human size. Notable examples include a 1.4-meter female figurine (the second-tallest known) and a schematic, spade-shaped figurine from the Early Cycladic I Period (ca. 3200 BC). Their smooth surfaces and harmonious proportions exemplify Cycladic artistry.
“Treasure from Keros”: A collection of figurines and vessels from the island of Keros (ca. 2800–2300 BC), highlighting the richness of Cycladic burial practices.
Vase Pigeon: A rare poppet valve with sculpted birds, one of the most complete examples of its kind, showcasing Cycladic ceramic techniques.
Tools and Vessels: Made of marble, clay, bronze, and obsidian, these include utensils, jewelry, and weapons, reflecting daily life and trade in the Early Bronze Age.
Significance: The figurines’ simplicity and elegance have made them global icons, offering insights into Cycladic society, possibly used in funerary or religious contexts. The collection is among the world’s most significant, rivaling that of the National Archaeological Museum.

Second Floor: Ancient Greek Art (2000 BC–4th Century AD)
Overview: This gallery displays nearly 400 artifacts from the Greek Bronze Age to the Roman period, organized thematically around gods, heroes, and human experiences. It includes vases, figurines, and weapons, with a focus on their cultural and artistic evolution.
Key Artifacts:

Large Attic Pyxis (760–750 BC): A geometric-style vase with a lid crowned by four horse figurines, possibly symbolizing the elite Hippeis (Knights) class. Found in aristocratic graves, it features intricate motifs and fastening holes.
Corinthian Helmets (Early 7th–Early 6th Century BC): Three well-preserved helmets showcasing Greek warfare technology and artistry.
Red-Figure Pottery: Developed in Athens around 520 BC, this style features red figures on a black background, dominant until the 3rd century BC. Vessels depict mythological and daily scenes.
Themes: The exhibit covers gods and heroes (e.g., Olympian deities, legendary figures), Eros (love and desire), the world of women, men, and the underworld, providing a comprehensive view of Greek cultural values.

Third Floor: Cypriot Antiquities (4th Millennium BC–Medieval Period)
Overview: One of the world’s most important collections of Cypriot art, this floor features artifacts from prehistoric times to the Roman and early medieval periods. It highlights Cyprus’ role as a cultural crossroads in the Eastern Mediterranean.
Key Artifacts: Includes pottery, figurines, and metalwork, such as bronze tools and terracotta statues, reflecting Cyprus’ interactions with Egypt, the Levant, and Greece. The collection is less familiar to visitors but offers unique insights into Cypriot craftsmanship.
Significance: The Cypriot collection underscores the museum’s commitment to broader Aegean and Mediterranean cultures, showcasing Cyprus’ distinct artistic traditions.

Fourth Floor: Scenes from Daily Life in Antiquity
Overview: This gallery, part of the Ancient Greek Art exhibit, focuses on the daily lives of ancient Athenians, with around 150 artifacts (vases, figurines, tools) displayed in photo recreations of ancient scenes. It covers the 2nd millennium BC to the 4th century AD.

Key Themes:
Gods and Heroes: Vessels and figurines depict Olympian gods and legendary figures, reflecting religious and cultural narratives.
Wedding Preparations: Artifacts illustrate Athenian wedding customs during the month of Gamelion, including bride dedications to Artemis and sacrifices to marriage gods.
Daily Activities: Tools, jewelry, and pottery reveal aspects of work, leisure, and burial customs, enhanced by two audiovisual presentations on everyday life and funerary practices.
Significance: The exhibit’s immersive approach, with photo recreations and detailed narratives, makes ancient Greek life accessible and relatable to modern visitors.

Additional Notes
Donations: The Karlos Politis collection, donated in 1989, enriched the fourth floor with figurines from Keros, while other acquisitions have expanded the museum’s scope.
3D Exploration: Select artifacts, such as Cycladic figurines, are available for 3D viewing on the museum’s website, enhancing accessibility.
Influence: The Cycladic figurines’ minimalist aesthetic has inspired modern artists, designers, and fashion trends, underscoring their timeless appeal.

 

Temporary Exhibitions

The Museum of Cycladic Art is renowned for its dynamic temporary exhibitions, hosted in the Stathatos Mansion, which explore connections between ancient cultures and modern/contemporary art. These exhibitions aim to familiarize the public with 20th- and 21st-century artists while highlighting the influence of Cycladic and Greek art. Notable past exhibitions include:

Salvador Dalí: Myth and Singularity (2002–2003)
Caravaggio and the 17th Century (2006)
El Greco and His Workshop (2007–2008)
Louise Bourgeois: Personages (2010)
Ai Weiwei (2016)
Cy Twombly and Greek Antiquity (2017, part of the Divine Dialogues series)
Cindy Sherman at Cycladic: Early Works (May–November 2024)
Current and upcoming exhibitions include:

Marlene Dumas: Cycladic Blues (until November 2, 2025): A contemporary art show exploring themes inspired by Cycladic aesthetics.
Cycladic Café Art Project: Stefania Strouza (May 28, 2025–June 30, 2025): An art installation in the café space.
Cycladites: Stories of Women of the Cyclades: A special exhibition featuring artifacts not typically in the permanent collection, focusing on women’s roles in Cycladic society.
These exhibitions, often featuring artists like Pablo Picasso, Jannis Kounellis, and Sarah Lucas, underscore the museum’s role as a cultural bridge, drawing parallels between ancient simplicity and modern abstraction.

 

Cultural and Educational Significance

The Museum of Cycladic Art is a dynamic institution with profound cultural and educational impact:

Preservation of Cycladic Heritage: It houses one of the world’s most significant collections of Cycladic art, described by The New York Times as “one of the world’s most significant privately assembled collections of Cycladic antiquities.” Its focus on the Early Cycladic Period (3200–2000 BC) illuminates a protohistoric culture that predates Classical Greece, offering insights into early Aegean society.
Artistic Influence: The Cycladic figurines’ minimalist forms have profoundly influenced modern art, inspiring figures like Henry Moore and Constantin Brâncuși. The museum’s exhibitions highlight these connections, fostering dialogue between ancient and contemporary creativity.
Educational Programs: The museum offers workshops, guided tours, and family-friendly activities, including a family kit (€20, covering two adults and up to three children) with unique self-guided experiences. These programs are popular with schools and families, making the museum accessible to younger audiences.
Cultural Hub: Located in Kolonaki, a vibrant neighborhood, the museum is part of Athens’ “Museum Mile,” alongside the Benaki Museum, Byzantine and Christian Museum, and Athens War Museum. Its café and shop enhance its role as a social and cultural meeting point.
Global Reach: The Goulandris collection has been exhibited worldwide, and collaborations, such as with The Metropolitan Museum of Art for the Leonard N. Stern Collection, underscore the museum’s international influence.
The museum’s compact size—compared to larger institutions like the National Archaeological Museum—allows for a focused, manageable visit, ideal for those with specific interests in Cycladic art or limited time. However, its high-quality exhibits and curatorial excellence make it a must-visit for history buffs, art lovers, and casual tourists alike.

 

Practical Information for Visitors

Location: 4 Neophytou Douka Street (Main Building) and 1 Irodotou & Vasilissis Sofias Avenue (Stathatos Mansion), Kolonaki, Athens 106 74. The museum is a 10-minute walk from Syntagma Square and 3 minutes from Filikis Etairias Square.
Access:
Metro: Evangelismos (Line 3, 500m away) or Syntagma (Lines 2 and 3, 600m away).
Bus: “Vyzantino Mouseio - Rigilli” stop (lines 3, 203, 211, 214, 220, 221, 224, 235, 608, 622, 815, A5, E14, X95).
Private Transfers: Pre-booked taxis via (0030) 18288, (0030) 18222, or (0030) 18180.
Parking: No on-site parking; nearby private lots include Ipsilantou 20 Garage, Polis Park, Lemos Parking, and Parking 14 Filikis Etairias Square.

Hours (as of September 2024):
Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday: 10:00 AM–5:00 PM
Thursday: 10:00 AM–8:00 PM
Sunday: 11:00 AM–5:00 PM
Closed: Tuesdays, January 1, Clean Monday, March 25, Easter Sunday and Monday, May 1, Holy Spirit Monday, August 15, December 25–26.
Last entry: 15 minutes before closing.
Admission (as of September 2024):
Adults (27–64): €12 (permanent exhibitions only)
Seniors (65+), students (19–26): €9
Children (under 18), visitors with disabilities and their companion, Greek unemployed citizens, archaeology/art history students, Ministry of Culture employees, ICOM/ICOMOS members, journalists, tour guides: Free
Family kit (2 adults, up to 3 children): €20
Prices for temporary exhibitions may vary; check the museum website.
Tickets: Available online or on-site. Electronic tickets and credit/debit card payments are encouraged to reduce paper waste. The Athens Spotlighted Card offers discounts.

Amenities:
Cycladic Café: Offers breakfast, brunch, lunch, and desserts inspired by Cycladic flavors, set in a garden-like atrium with natural light. Open during museum hours, accessible without a ticket.
Cycladic Shop: Features high-quality replicas of Cycladic figurines, jewelry, and homeware by Greek and international designers, inspired by ancient art. The shop is noted for its curated selection and safe packaging for travel. Accessible without a ticket and via an e-shop.
Wi-Fi: Complimentary Wi-Fi is available throughout the museum.

Rules:
Photography without flash or tripod is permitted for non-commercial purposes; video/recording is prohibited. Share photos on Instagram (@cycladic_museum) or Facebook (@CycladicArtMuseum).
Do not touch artifacts to avoid damage from natural oils. Use provided bins and respect “no flash” signs.
Face coverings are optional but recommended.

Visiting Tips:
Visit between October and April to avoid peak crowds and enjoy a more local atmosphere.
Allow 1–2 hours for a standard visit; guided tours typically last 1–2 hours.
Start on the fourth floor and work downward, ending with the Cycladic collection, as recommended by reviewers for its impact.
Combine with nearby attractions like the Benaki Museum (222m), Byzantine and Christian Museum (168m), or National Garden (486m).
Use QR codes for additional artifact information during self-guided tours.
The museum can get crowded in peak seasons, so book tickets online to skip queues.

 

Challenges and Preservation

The Museum of Cycladic Art faces several challenges:

Crowding: During peak tourist seasons, the museum’s compact size can feel crowded, impacting the viewing experience.
Cost Perception: Some visitors find the €12 admission fee high compared to other Athens museums, though the unique collection is widely seen as justifying the cost.
Preservation: The delicate nature of Cycladic marble figurines and other artifacts requires strict conservation measures, including controlled lighting and no-touch policies.
Urban Context: The museum’s location in a dense urban area with limited public space poses challenges for accessibility and parking. The facade redesign by Kois Architects addressed this by increasing street-level engagement.
The museum mitigates these through rigorous security (cameras monitor exhibits), advanced ventilation systems, and ongoing collaborations with institutions like the Greek Ministry of Culture and The Metropolitan Museum of Art for research and preservation.