Palazzo Erizzo (Palazzo Erizzo alla Maddalena), Venice

The Palazzo Erizzo alla Maddalena, also known as Palazzo Molin Erizzo, is a Gothic-style palace in Venice, Italy, located in the Cannaregio sestiere along the Grand Canal, between the Palazzo Marcello and Palazzo Soranzo Piovene. Built in the mid-15th century by the Molin family and acquired by the Erizzo family in 1650, this palace is notable for its asymmetrical Gothic facade, interior decorations by Andrea Celesti, and its association with the Erizzo family, including Doge Francesco Erizzo (1631–1646). Today, it is a private residence, with parts leased for events or accommodations, reflecting its continued relevance in Venice’s cultural and architectural landscape.

 

History

The Palazzo Erizzo alla Maddalena’s history begins in 1454, when Bernardo Molin q. Nicolò, a member of the prominent Molin family, purchased the site from the noble Zulian family under the Venetian “Jus lateranitatis praelationis” (right of first refusal for neighbors). The Molins, who also owned the adjacent Palazzo Marcello, initiated construction of a Gothic palace, elevating the structure and designing a new facade shortly after the acquisition. The mid-15th-century construction aligns with Venice’s Gothic architectural peak, when noble families built palazzi to showcase wealth and status along the Grand Canal.

In 1650, the palace passed to the Erizzo family through the marriage of Giacomo (or Jacopo) Erizzo to Cecilia Molin, a union that consolidated the property under the Erizzo name. The Erizzo family, originating from Capodistria (modern Koper, Slovenia) and established in Venice since 805, were a distinguished patrician lineage, contributing to the Republic’s governance and military. Notable members include Francesco Erizzo, Doge from 1631 to 1646, whose tomb is in the Chiesa di San Martino in Castello, and Paolo Erizzo, Bailo of Negroponte, executed by Sultan Mehmet II in 1470. The palace’s main hall was decorated to commemorate Paolo’s martyrdom, reflecting the family’s pride in their heroic legacy.

The palace underwent multiple renovations over the centuries, particularly to the ground floor and mezzanine, adapting it to changing needs. By the 19th century, it passed to the Barzizza family, originally from Milan, and later to the Boldrin family. The Erizzo family line ended in 1847 with Guido di Niccolò’s death, though the name persisted through Francesco Miniscalchi Erizzo, son of Luigi Miniscalchi and Marianna Erizzo. In the 20th century, the palace was acquired by the Italian Ministry of Culture, which used it as the regional directorate’s headquarters. Today, it is privately owned, with parts leased for events or accommodations, as noted in sources like Olia i Klod, which mention its availability through the Italian state property agency.

The palace’s history is also tied to apocryphal narratives, such as the story of Paolo Erizzo’s daughter Anna, who was allegedly killed by Mehmet II for resisting his advances. Sources like Olia i Klod and Conoscere Venezia debunk this tale, noting that Paolo had no recorded wife or children, and the story likely stems from romanticized Venetian chronicles, such as those by Zanotto, rather than historical fact. This myth, while enhancing the palace’s allure, reflects Venice’s tendency to embellish its history with dramatic legends, akin to Palazzo Moro a San Barnaba’s Othello connection.

 

Architecture

The Palazzo Erizzo alla Maddalena is a quintessential example of Venetian Gothic architecture, characterized by its asymmetrical facade and pointed-arch windows, drawing inspiration from the Doge’s Palace. Its design reflects the 15th-century Venetian aesthetic, blending functionality with decorative elegance, tailored to the Grand Canal’s mercantile and social context.

Exterior and Facade: The facade, described in sources like ITALYscapes and venice.jc-r.net, is distinctly Gothic, with a five-light window (pentafora) on the piano nobile as its centerpiece, significantly offset to the left, creating a striking asymmetry. This pentafora, framed by trefoil arches and reminiscent of the Doge’s Palace loggia, is the facade’s most prominent feature, supported by marble columns with ornate capitals featuring mask motifs in oval frames. The ground floor has pointed-arch openings, including a water portal for canal access, while the mezzanine and upper floors feature additional pointed-arch monofore (single windows), reinforcing the Gothic layout. The facade’s asymmetry, noted in Olia i Klod, suggests an unrealized plan to extend the right wing, a common trait in Venetian palazzi constrained by urban density. The courtyard’s marble coat of arms, combining the Erizzo hedgehog and Molin millstone, confirms the families’ historical merger, though its placement on a public court wall raises questions about its original context. Wikimedia images show the facade’s red-brick and stone composition, with the pentafora’s white marble contrasting the darker tones, enhancing its visual impact.
Interior: The interior follows the typical Venetian palazzo layout, with a wide central portego on the piano nobile, accessed via a marble staircase with balustrades visible from the courtyard, as described in Conoscere Venezia. The main hall is decorated with large paintings by Andrea Celesti, depicting the martyrdom of Paolo Erizzo, executed in Negroponte in 1470. Additional artworks, attributed to Jacopo and Domenico Tintoretto, Andrea Vicentino, and others, adorn the hall’s doorways, portraying Erizzo family members like Andrea di San Canciano (Procurator of San Marco, 1342) and Doge Francesco Erizzo. The palace retains 18th-century decorations, including rococo wooden carvings, marquetry with silver inlays, and a terrazzo floor with fine marbles, porphyry, and mother-of-pearl, reflecting later opulence. The courtyard, with its ornate staircase and heraldic symbols, adds to the interior’s grandeur, though its public accessibility is unclear. Modern renovations for residential or event use likely introduced utilities, but the preservation of historical artworks suggests careful maintenance.
Structural Layout: The palace spans multiple floors: a ground floor with water portal and storage, a mezzanine for offices or minor functions, a piano nobile for main living spaces, and possibly an attic or upper floor for additional rooms. The L-shaped plan, typical of Venetian palazzi, centers on the portego, which distributes rooms along the Grand Canal and courtyard sides. The courtyard, accessed via Corte Erizzo (Cannaregio 2138), features an external staircase, a rare and elegant feature, as noted in Olia i Klod. The asymmetrical facade and internal layout suggest a constrained site, with renovations over time reconfiguring the ground floor and mezzanine for practicality. The absence of a documented garden, unlike Casa Levi Morenos, aligns with Cannaregio’s dense urban fabric.

 

Artistic Elements

The Palazzo Erizzo alla Maddalena is distinguished by its interior artworks, particularly in the main hall, which celebrate the Erizzo family’s legacy. While the facade’s Gothic architecture is its external artistic highlight, the interior’s paintings and decorations elevate its cultural significance.

Andrea Celesti’s Paintings: The main hall features large canvases by Andrea Celesti, a late 17th-century Venetian painter, depicting the story of Paolo Erizzo, Bailo of Negroponte, executed by Mehmet II in 1470. These works, noted for their dramatic narrative, glorify Erizzo’s martyrdom, reinforcing the family’s patriotic identity. Celesti’s Baroque style, with vivid colors and dynamic compositions, contrasts with the Gothic facade, reflecting later decorative trends.
Tintoretto and Vicentino Portraits: The hall’s doorways are adorned with portraits of Erizzo family members, attributed to Jacopo and Domenico Tintoretto and Andrea Vicentino, a pupil of Palma il Giovane. These include Andrea di San Canciano (1342), an admiral, and two senators, dated to 1343, though the early date raises questions about authenticity, as Tintoretto worked in the 16th century. A portrait of Doge Francesco Erizzo by Jacopo Tintoretto further ennobles the space, though its attribution requires scrutiny, given Tintoretto’s death in 1594, before Francesco’s birth. These works, if authentic, would be significant, but their documentation in Conoscere Venezia lacks primary verification.
Additional Artworks: The palace houses a collection of paintings from various schools, including Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife by Alessandro Varotari (Padovanino), Isaac’s Blessing by Jacopo da Ponte (Bassano), The Rape of Europa by Celesti, and The Banquet of the Gods by Cavalier Bambini. A collection of prints by Bellini, Volpato, Morghen, and English and Flemish engravers adds to the artistic wealth, though their current state is unknown. Rococo wooden carvings, marquetry, and a mother-of-pearl terrazzo floor, noted as Louis XVI-style, reflect 18th-century opulence, contrasting the Gothic exterior.
Apocryphal Narratives: The story of Anna Erizzo, Paolo’s supposed daughter, is debunked as a “poetic dream,” with no historical basis, yet it persists in some accounts, illustrating Venice’s penchant for embellished histories. This narrative, while not an artwork, adds a cultural layer to the palace’s artistic identity, akin to literary myths in other palazzi.
The artworks’ survival, despite reported thefts in earlier centuries, suggests careful stewardship, though their condition and accessibility remain uncertain due to the palace’s private status.

 

Current Use and Accessibility

As of 2025, the Palazzo Erizzo alla Maddalena is a privately owned residence, with parts leased for events or accommodations, as noted in Olia i Klod’s reference to the Italian state property agency’s offerings. Unlike cultural hubs like Palazzo Querini Stampalia or Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, it is not a public attraction, limiting access to tenants, event organizers, or invited guests.

Location: The palace is at Corte Erizzo, 2138, Cannaregio, overlooking the Grand Canal near the Chiesa della Maddalena. It is approximately 1 km from Santa Lucia railway station and 350 meters from the San Marcuola vaporetto stop (Actv lines 1 and 2), making it easily accessible. Nearby attractions include Palazzo Marcello (0.1 km), Ca’ Vendramin Calergi (0.2 km), and the Jewish Ghetto (0.5 km), situating it in Cannaregio’s historic core. Restaurants like Osteria Al Timon (0.3 km) and Vino Vero (0.4 km) offer dining options, enhancing the area’s appeal.
Visiting: The palace is not open for public tours or exhibitions, unlike Palazzo Michiel del Brusà’s Biennale events. Visitors can view the facade from the Grand Canal by vaporetto or gondola, particularly from the opposite bank near San Marcuola, where the pentafora’s asymmetry and Gothic arches are striking. The Corte Erizzo entrance and courtyard staircase are visible from land, though access is restricted. Leasing opportunities, as mentioned in 2013 by Olia i Klod, suggest event or accommodation use, but no current listings on platforms like Tripadvisor confirm this, indicating limited public engagement. The palace’s absence from tourist rankings reflects its private status, with no visitor reviews available.
Current Function: The palace serves as a private residence, with sections potentially leased for events, conferences, or short-term stays, as implied by its state property listing. Its use by the Ministry of Culture in the 20th century for regional offices suggests a history of adaptive reuse, but its return to private ownership prioritizes residential functions. The preservation of artworks and Gothic features indicates ongoing maintenance, though modern utilities (e.g., heating, elevators) are likely integrated for tenant comfort.

 

Cultural and Historical Significance

The Palazzo Erizzo alla Maddalena encapsulates Venice’s Gothic architectural heritage and the Erizzo family’s enduring legacy. Its 15th-century facade, with its pentafora and trefoil arches, reflects the city’s medieval prosperity and Eastern influences, drawing from Byzantine and Moorish styles, as noted in Walks of Italy. The palace’s asymmetry, possibly an unrealized expansion, underscores Venice’s organic urban development, where spatial constraints shaped palatial design.

The Erizzo family’s history, from Francesco Erizzo’s dogeship to Paolo Erizzo’s martyrdom, imbues the palace with patriotic significance, celebrated through Celesti’s paintings and Tintoretto’s portraits. The debunked Anna Erizzo myth, while fictional, illustrates Venice’s storytelling tradition, paralleling myths like Palazzo Moro’s Othello link, which blend fact and legend to enhance cultural allure. The palace’s role as a Molin-Erizzo merger, symbolized by the courtyard’s coat of arms, highlights Venice’s social dynamics, where marriage consolidated noble estates.

Its modern use as a private residence and event space reflects Venice’s balance of preservation and adaptation, a theme seen in palazzi like Casa Levi Morenos or Palazzo Tiepolo Passi. The palace’s location near the Chiesa della Maddalena and Cannaregio’s cultural sites, like Ca’ d’Oro, embeds it in a historic corridor, though its private status limits its public impact compared to Palazzo Querini Stampalia’s museum role. The artworks’ survival, despite reported thefts, underscores the palace’s cultural resilience, though their inaccessibility calls for greater documentation to ensure their legacy.