The Zyuratkul National Park was organized on November 3, 1993.
The total area is 88,249 hectares, the length from north to south is
49 km, the length from west to east is 28 km.
The park
fulfills the following main tasks: preservation of standard and
unique natural complexes, monuments of nature, history, culture,
archeology and other objects of cultural heritage; environmental
education of the population; development and implementation of
scientific methods of nature protection in conditions of
recreational use; environmental monitoring; restoration of damaged
natural and historical and cultural complexes; creating conditions
for regulated tourism and recreation.
The national park is
administered by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the
Russian Federation.
On the territory of the park there is a reservoir
Zyuratkul - the only alpine lake on the western slope of the
Southern Urals (724 m above sea level) and many mountain ranges,
including Zyuratkul (length 8 km, height 1175.2 m), Nurgush (height
1406 m).
The location of the Zyuratkul park at the junction
of two natural zones - taiga and forest-steppe - determined the
richness of flora and fauna.
According to BDT, the stress in
the word Zyuratkul is placed on the last syllable (“Zyuratkul”), the
local pronunciation is characterized by the stress on the second
syllable (“Zyuratkul”).
The park includes such natural monuments as the high-mountainous reservoir Zyuratkul, the Kalagaza and Berezyak rivers, the Zyuratkul Pillars rocks, the Elm Grove. Numerous attractions of the park: a mountain-tundra plateau with an area of 9 km² at the top of the Nurgush ridge, an artesian spring Fountain in the upper reaches of the Malaya Satka River, relict larch forests on the Urenga and Lukash (Nukash) ridges, relict spruce forests on the Nurgush and Lukash ridges, a rocky remnant on the the Berezyak river in the Vinogradov khutor tract, an onion meadow in the upper reaches of the Malaya Satka river, a dam on the lake, a diversion (directing) channel 9 km long from the lake to the building of the hydroelectric power station in the village of Magnitka, areas of relict forest-steppe vegetation at an altitude of 850 m above sea level on the Maliy ridge Moskal, peat bogs at Cape Dolgy Spruce, Medvedi rocks on the Zyuratkul ridge.
The territory is dominated by forests - spruce and
spruce-fir, as well as birch forests. The richness of flora proves
the presence of 653 plant species, including Siberian and European
(Siberian fir, European spruce, etc.). 70 rare plants of the park
are listed in the Red Book of Russia, among them: a real slipper, a
large-flowered slipper, a leafless caper, a male orchis, an Ural
anemone and pulmonary lobaria.
90% of the territory is
occupied by dark coniferous taiga, but in some areas birch is found.
The fauna of "Zyuratkul" has 214 species, including 40 species of mammals: predators - 14 (bear, wolf, fox, marten, ermine, etc.), ungulates - 3 (elk, roe deer, rarely wild boar), hares - 2. The fauna also includes fish - 17 (bream, perch, grayling, burbot, pike and others), amphibians - 3, reptiles - 6, birds - 145. There are rare species of animals: European mink, golden eagle, peregrine falcon, eagle owl, European grayling, mnemosyne and common apollo. These species are included in the Red Book of Russia.
On the shore of the lake, 12
sites of ancient people of two eras were discovered: the Mesolithic
- 12 thousand years, the Neolithic - 6-3 thousand years ago. Parts
of buildings, products, stone axes, bronze tips, scrapers, chops,
etc. have been preserved. The exposition of the Satka Museum of
Local Lore, dedicated to this period of time, presents many items of
excavation.
Also, recently discovered a geoglyph on the
ground in the form of an elk measuring 218 by 195 meters. The image
is estimated to be around 8000 years old.
The main tourist attractions are 5 ridges and a high-mountain lake.
A convenient "ecological path" has been laid to the foot of the
Zyuratkul ridge.
At the recreation center "Ecopark Zyuratkul"
there is a mini-zoo.
It is in the process of being formed. Not
all animals of the menagerie live in the nature of the Urals. For
example, the black (Himalayan) bear and camel are more typical for
other natural areas. Also at the recreation center "Eco-Park
Zyuratkul" there is the Center for riding sports "Wild dogs" where
in winter you can ride a dog sled.
Also in the national park
between the village of Zyuratkul and the village of Magnitsky there
is a maral breeding farm "Bear Joy", which contains semi-wild deer
brought from Altai.
The trout farm is no longer operational.
Federal State Budgetary Institution The National Park "Zyuratkul" is
an environmental protection, environmental education and scientific
research institution.
It includes natural complexes of the
Southern Urals that have special ecological, historical and aesthetic
value, and which are intended for use for environmental, scientific and
cultural purposes and for regulated tourism.
The National Park
was established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation
No. 1111 dated November 3, 1993 "On the Establishment of the National
Nature Park "Zyuratkul" in the territory of the Chelyabinsk Region
By a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, 88249
hectares of forest lands have been granted to the national park.
The territory of the national park belongs to the specially protected
natural territories of federal significance.
In its activities,
the National Park is guided by the Constitution of the Russian
Federation, the Federal Law "On Specially Protected Natural
Territories".
preservation of reference and unique natural complexes and objects;
preservation of natural monuments, history, culture, archeology and
other cultural heritage sites;
environmental education of the
population;
creating conditions for regulated tourism and recreation;
development and implementation of scientific methods of nature
protection in conditions of recreational use;
implementation of
environmental monitoring;
restoration of disturbed natural and
historical-cultural complexes and objects.
According to the regime of protection and use of the territory in the
park, functional zones are distinguished: a protected regime, regulated
recreation and economic activity.
Functional zoning consists in
preserving the protected regime of the most valuable ecosystems,
preserving the integrity of natural landscapes, organizing and ensuring
a full-fledged tourist holiday.
— a mountain basin between the mountains. Urenga and xp. Nurgush.
The function of the zone is to preserve the most valuable ecosystems
in a protected mode. Amateur fishing is allowed here in winter.
A
protected area within which any economic activity and recreational use
of the territory is prohibited.
Scientific observations and
research, as well as environmental monitoring, are allowed in the
protected area.
is a large part of Lake Zyuratkul, the village of Zyuratkul, the
village of Moskal, the Bolshaya and Malaya Kalagaza rivers.
The
function of the zone is to preserve the integrity of natural landscapes.
Organization and provision of a full-fledged tourist holiday.
It
is allowed on the territory of the recreational area:
- carrying
out activities for the improvement of recreation and recreation areas;
- sport and amateur fishing;
- placement of recreational
infrastructure facilities (overnight accommodation, service, information
services);
- carrying out forestry measures aimed at increasing
the aesthetic value and resistance of plantations to recreational
influences and restoring degraded plantations;
- carrying out
maintenance and other logging, cleaning up clutter, decorative planting.
includes the westernmost part of the park.
Designed for
conducting economic activities necessary for the functioning of the
national park, as well as the life and activities of the population
living on its territory.
- carrying out activities aimed at preserving and restoring
indigenous stands, as well as providing the local population and the
national park with business wood and firewood;
- carrying out
maintenance and other logging;
- haymaking and grazing;
-
picking berries and mushrooms;
- amateur and sport fishing;
- construction of stationary tourist service facilities, necessary
cultural and household facilities, information services and
communications, as well as administrative and economic infrastructure
facilities of the national park.
The National Park "Zyuratkul"
was established on November 3, 1993, on the territory of the Chelyabinsk
region. The management of the park is located in the ancient town of the
mining region — in Satka. The area of the park is 88.3 thousand
hectares, the length from south to north is 49 km, from west to east is
28 km.
The territory of the park is located in the most
mountainous part of the Southern Urals. The terrain is mountainous,
heavily intersected by river valleys and small rivers, the mountain
ranges of Zyuratkul (1175 m) and Suka (1195 m) limit the territory of
the park from the north-west. Urenga ridge (1139 m), and Yagodny ridge
(1205 m) from the south of the east. The Moskal ridge (1,048 m) covers
the Zyuratkul in the south-eastern part. The Nurgush ridge is located in
the central part of the park, its highest point (1,406 m) and is the
highest point of the Chelyabinsk region. The general direction of the
mountain ranges is from the southwest to the north-east. In the highest
parts, they are devoid of woody vegetation and represent mountain tundra
with rocky ledges and a pile of rocks, or rocky placers and, less often,
alpine meadows.